Understanding Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) in Children and Adolescents
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) refers to any injury to the brain that occurs after birth and is not related to a congenital or degenerative condition. ABI can affect children and adolescents at any stage of brain development, often resulting in complex and long-lasting changes to learning, behaviour, emotional regulation, communication, and everyday functioning.
Unlike conditions that are present from birth, ABI can represent a sudden and life-altering change for a young person and their family, requiring carefully tailored, compassionate, and evidence-informed support.
Causes of Acquired Brain Injury
ABI may result from both traumatic brain injury and non-traumatic brain injury, each with different mechanisms but often overlapping outcomes.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an external force to the head and may occur as a result of:
- A road accident
- Falls or sporting injuries
- Assault or physical trauma
- A significant head injury
Non-traumatic brain injury occurs due to internal factors that disrupt brain function, including:
- Anoxic brain injury, where the brain is deprived of oxygen
- Reduced oxygen supply due to drowning, choking, or medical emergencies
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Stroke, infection, tumour, or complications during surgery
Regardless of cause, ABI can significantly interfere with how the brain processes information, manages emotions, controls impulses, and copes with sensory input.
ABI and Brain Development
Because children’s brains are still developing, an acquired brain injury can disrupt critical stages of brain development. Skills that were previously automatic may need to be relearned, while new developmental milestones may become harder to achieve.
Common challenges following ABI may include:
- Difficulties with attention, memory, and processing speed
- Reduced emotional regulation and increased impulsivity
- Fatigue and cognitive overload
- Changes in behaviour, personality, or social understanding
- Difficulties with learning and participation at school
These challenges often fluctuate over time and across environments, which is why structured, preventative approaches are essential.
Why ABI-Informed Training Matters
Effective support for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury requires more than general behaviour management strategies. ABI training equips parents, educators, and professionals with the knowledge and skills to understand why behaviours occur and how to respond in ways that promote safety, regulation, and recovery.
A Positive Behaviour Support approach recognises that behaviours of concern are often expressions of unmet needs related to cognition, sensory processing, emotional regulation, or fatigue following brain injury.
This course supports participants to:
- Understand the functional consequences of ABI across home, school, and community settings
- Apply brain-based strategies that reduce cognitive and emotional load
- Create predictable, supportive environments that prevent escalation
- Develop meaningful, measurable learning outcomes linked to participation, independence, and wellbeing
Supporting Positive Outcomes After Brain Injury
Children and adolescents living with ABI can make meaningful progress when supported with consistent, compassionate, and rehabilitation-focused strategies. By better understanding the effects of acquired brain injury, including traumatic and non-traumatic causes, caregivers and professionals can move beyond reactive responses and towards proactive, preventative support.
This ABI training course provides the tools to translate clinical understanding into practical action, empowering you to support young people in rebuilding skills, confidence, and quality of everyday life following brain injury.